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Liman irrigation system
A Liman (from Greek λΐμήν) in Israel is the name for an artificial earthen construction used to collect floodwater by damming a desert wadi. The runoff water is slowed down by the dam, thus flooding a small area and allowing the water to infiltrate into the soil. This way, a small groves of trees can be sustained in the desert. The JNF-KKL has been funding the construction of limans in the Negev Desert.〔http://www.kkl.org.il/eng/water-for-israel/water-in-the-desert/limans/〕
== Introduction ==
Limans were built in order to fight desertification without depleting groundwater resources, which are becoming increasingly rare in arid ecosystems.〔Prinz, D. 2002. The role of water harvesting in alleviating water scarcity in arid areas. In Proceedings, International Conference on Water Resources Management in Arid Regions. 23–27 March 2002, 107–122. Kuwait: Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research Available at: http://www.ipcp.org.br/References/Agua/aguaCapta/WaterHarvesting.pdf〕 Remaining soil humidity can be found in dry river beds (wadis) after rains occur, but these wadis are prone to flash floods. The result is massive soil erosion and the destruction of infrastructure. Also, the infiltration is insufficient because of the water's velocity, even though the runoff would be able to allow for the growth of trees in appropriate places. The aim of building limans is to stop flash floods and to increase water infiltration, thus sustaining the growth of drought-hardy tree species and vegetation underneath them.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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